What is Knee Replacement Surgery?
Knee replacement, also known as knee arthroplasty, is a surgical procedure aimed at restoring mobility and normal function to the knee joint. This innovative treatment is commonly recommended for individuals suffering from conditions like osteoarthritis, knee arthritis, trauma, or knee injury. When knee joint pain becomes debilitating, knee replacement surgery offers a solution for improved quality of life.
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Best Orthopedics for Knee Replacement Surgery In India
Best Hospitals for Knee Replacement Surgery In India
Apollo Gleneagles Hospital
No. 1, Elgin Rd, Sreepally, Ballygunge, Kolkata, West Bengal 700020
Open 24 Hours
Fortis Memorial Research Institute
Sector - 44, Opposite HUDA City Centre, Gurugram, Haryana 122002
Open 24 Hours
Manipal Hospital
98, HAL Old Airport Rd, Kodihalli, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560017
Open 24 Hours
Indraprastha Apollo Hospital, New Delhi
Indraprastha Apollo Hospital, Mathura Rd, New Delhi, Delhi 110076
Open 24 Hours
Understanding the Knee Replacement Procedure
Diagnosis:
To begin the journey towards a pain-free knee, our orthopedic specialists conduct a thorough diagnosis, which includes a physical examination, evaluation of symptoms, analysis of medical history, and diagnostic imaging tests like X-rays and MRIs to assess the extent of knee joint dysfunction.
The Procedure:
The arthroscopic knee replacement procedure typically lasts between 1 to 3 hours and can be performed under general or spinal anesthesia. During the surgery, the surgeon makes an incision in the front of the knee to expose the kneecap, removes the damaged parts of the joint, and positions the knee prosthetic. To reduce friction during joint movement, a special bone "cement" and a plastic spacer are placed between the knee implant and the bones, acting as cartilage. The incision is then closed using sutures or clips. Thanks to the minimally invasive nature of the procedure, bleeding is minimal, and blood transfusions are rarely required.
Risks and Complications of Knee Replacement Surgery
While knee replacement surgery utilizes advanced and minimally invasive techniques like arthroscopy, it's important to be aware of potential risks. Discuss these risks with your orthopedic surgeon to make an informed decision. Risks may include infections, ligament damage, allergic reactions to bone cement, nerve and artery damage, poor reaction to anesthesia, excess scar tissue, post-surgical pain and stiffness, and the possibility of deep vein thrombosis.
When is Knee Replacement Surgery Necessary?
Certain factors indicate the necessity of knee replacement surgery, such as continuous and unrelenting knee joint pain that does not respond to medication or other treatments, knee cap damage due to trauma or degenerative disease, and the inability to walk or climb stairs due to extreme stiffness and pain.
Preparing for Knee Replacement Surgery
Knee replacement is a major procedure that requires thorough preparation. To ensure a successful surgery, both medical and home preparations are essential.
Medical Preparation:
- Provide a comprehensive medical history to your surgeon, including pre-existing conditions and medications you are currently taking.
- Limit or discontinue the usage of medications like aspirin, steroids, and opioids as advised by your surgeon.
- Avoid tobacco use before and after surgery to enhance healing and reduce the risk of complications.
- Consult your regular doctor to ensure you are in optimal health for the procedure.
- Abstain from alcohol consumption at least 2-3 days before surgery to prevent complications.
- Notify your surgeon immediately if you develop any sudden illnesses, such as a fever or flu-like symptoms.
Components of Knee Implants
Knee implants are crucial components used to replace the damaged knee joint, offering improved mobility and freedom from pain. They consist of three main parts:
- Femoral component: Attached directly to the femur, it includes a groove that allows the patellar component to slide during knee movement.
- Tibial component: A flat two-piece metal and plastic part attached to the tibia, acting as a cushion between the tibial and femoral components.
- Patellar component: A plastic dome-shaped component that matches the shape of the patella.
The materials used for knee implants include polyethylene for the plastic components and cobalt-chromium, titanium, zirconium, or nickel for the metal components. Knee implants are categorized into four types: metal on plastic, ceramic on plastic, ceramic on ceramic, and metal on metal.
Average Cost of Knee Replacement in India (MISS)
In India, a knee replacement procedure might cost anywhere between Rs. 1,80,000 to Rs. 4,50,000. Several factors influence the overall cost, including the type of knee implant, the surgical approach (minimally invasive or traditional open surgery), the experience of the surgeon, type of anesthesia, the patient's age and comorbidities, the city where the procedure is performed, the need for physiotherapy and rehabilitation, and insurance coverage. Consult the expert orthopedic doctors at Pristyn Care to get a precise estimate for knee replacement surgery.
Benefits of Minimally Invasive Knee Replacement Surgery
Advantages of Minimally Invasive Approach: Compared to traditional knee replacement surgery, minimally invasive knee replacement offers several advantages:
- Shorter incisions (typically 3 to 4 inches)
- Faster recovery time
- Reduced risk of excessive bleeding
- Higher success rate
- Lower chances of infection
Postoperative Care and Recovery
Self-Care After the Surgery of Knee Replacement
After knee replacement surgery, it is crucial to take proper care of your knee during the recovery phase. Your doctor will encourage you to start walking as soon as possible, initially with the aid of walking aids or support. Gradually, most patients regain the confidence to walk unassisted.
Recovery Timeline:
- Post one month of the surgery: Consider doing minimal effort tasks such as doing the dishes, driving, walking, and getting daily groceries.
- Post two months of the surgery: Low-impact physical activities such as swimming, biking, and long walks become feasible but always follow your doctor's guidance.
- Post three months of the surgery: With your doctor's approval, you can gradually resume high-impact activities like running or other preferred exercises. Start slowly and allow yourself time to regain strength and flexibility.
Consult your surgeon regarding the best sleeping position that won't strain your back, and try to follow their recommendation.
Types of Knee Replacement
- Total Knee Replacement (TKR):
During this procedure, the orthopedic surgeon replaces the entire damaged joint with an artificial or prosthetic joint. Typically, severe bone damage from accidents or degenerative diseases calls for total knee replacement. - Partial Knee Replacement:
When only a portion of the knee joint is affected, the surgeon may recommend partial knee replacement, which involves replacing the affected side of the knee joint. - Revision or Complex Knee Replacement:
Severe arthritis may necessitate multiple knee replacements to fully restore knee function. In a revision knee replacement, the surgeon employs a modified implant to provide greater stability to the affected knee joint. - Kneecap Replacement (Patellofemoral Arthroplasty):
When the surface area of the kneecap is affected by degenerative diseases, the surgeon may recommend replacing the patellofemoral part of the knee joint.
Superior Knee Replacement Surgery at Medified
At Medified, we are committed to providing the highest level of care and expertise in knee replacement surgery. Our state-of-the-art treatment centers boast cutting-edge technology and a modern infrastructure to ensure optimal results. Our team of highly experienced orthopedic surgeons specializes in advanced arthroscopy and offers comprehensive knee replacement treatments with utmost precision and minimal complications.
Cost of Spine Surgery in India
In India, the typical cost for spine surgery is between Rs. 1,40,000 to Rs. 3,70,000. The cost can vary based on the type of surgery, ranging from simple laminectomy/discectomy to fusion or disc replacement surgery. Several factors influence the cost of spine surgery, including:
- The general cost of hospitalization
- Cost of diagnostic tests
- Surgeon's fees
- The severity of the condition
- Type of surgery (open vs. minimally invasive)
- Duration and type of rehabilitation and post-surgery care required
- Type of anesthesia
- Patient's age and overall health condition
- Insurance coverage
Frequently Ask Questions?
Yes, life can become normal after knee replacement for many individuals. After a successful recovery, most people experience reduced pain, improved mobility, and increased ability to engage in daily activities and hobbies.
During knee replacement surgery, the damaged or diseased parts of the knee joint are replaced with artificial implants. The surgeon removes the damaged cartilage and bone and replaces them with metal and plastic components, allowing the joint to move smoothly.
Knee replacement is considered a major surgery due to its invasive nature and the potential risks associated with any surgical procedure. However, it is a well-established procedure with a high success rate and can significantly improve quality of life for those with severe knee conditions.
Pain levels vary among individuals, but modern techniques and pain management strategies have significantly reduced the post-operative pain associated with knee replacement surgery. Pain and discomfort can be effectively managed with medications and rehabilitation protocols tailored to each patient's needs.
The best age for knee replacement is not solely determined by chronological age, but rather by the severity of knee pain, functional limitations, and overall health. It is typically recommended for individuals who have exhausted non-surgical treatment options and whose knee conditions significantly impact their quality of life.
The cost of knee replacement surgery can vary depending on factors such as the country, hospital, surgeon's fees, type of implants used, and additional medical expenses. In the United States, the average cost ranges from $20,000 to $40,000. In other countries like India, it can be significantly lower, typically ranging from $5,000 to $15,000. It's important to consult with healthcare providers and insurance providers for accurate cost estimates based on your specific situation.